WAI2KASZZZ

Position: Recruit

Joined: 2026-01-23

Stats
GM X
GM VIII
GM VI
Company statistics
Team statistics
Skirmishes statistics
Stronghold statistics
Share
Other

Overall Stats

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	7932		13		91		91
Ø Tier	7,00		8,08		8,27		8,27
Victories	3809	48,02%	6	46,15%	43	47,25%	43	47,25%
Defeats	3992	50,33%	7	53,85%	47	51,65%	47	51,65%
Draws	131	1,65%	0	0,00%	1	1,10%	1	1,10%
Battles survived	2663	33,57%	4	30,77%	28	30,77%	28	30,77%
Tanks destroyed	5655	0,71	8	0,62	69	0,76	69	0,76
Destruction ratio	1,07		0,89		1,10		1,10
Tanks spotted	5601	0,71	8	0,62	59	0,65	59	0,65
Damage dealt	842,40		1.070,31		1.140,62		1.140,62
Capture points	9112	1,15	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	4124	0,52	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	497,71		393,77		542,27		542,27
WN7	888,00		751,83		848,50		848,50
WN8	1026,95		1043,06		1091,65		1091,65

Total
Battles	7932
Ø Tier	7,00
Victories	3809	48,02%
Defeats	3992	50,33%
Draws	131	1,65%
Battles survived	2663	33,57%
Tanks destroyed	5655	0,71
Destruction ratio	1,07
Tanks spotted	5601	0,71
Damage dealt	842,40
Capture points	9112	1,15
Defense points	4124	0,52
Experience	497,71
WN7	888,00
WN8	1026,95

Past 24 hours
Battles	13
Ø Tier	8,08
Victories	6	46,15%
Defeats	7	53,85%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	4	30,77%
Tanks destroyed	8	0,62
Destruction ratio	0,89
Tanks spotted	8	0,62
Damage dealt	1.070,31
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	393,77
WN7	751,83
WN8	1043,06

Past 7 days
Battles	91
Ø Tier	8,27
Victories	43	47,25%
Defeats	47	51,65%
Draws	1	1,10%
Battles survived	28	30,77%
Tanks destroyed	69	0,76
Destruction ratio	1,10
Tanks spotted	59	0,65
Damage dealt	1.140,62
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	542,27
WN7	848,50
WN8	1091,65

Past 30 days
Battles	91
Ø Tier	8,27
Victories	43	47,25%
Defeats	47	51,65%
Draws	1	1,10%
Battles survived	28	30,77%
Tanks destroyed	69	0,76
Destruction ratio	1,10
Tanks spotted	59	0,65
Damage dealt	1.140,62
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	542,27
WN7	848,50
WN8	1091,65

Created at:

Last battle:

Last update:

Globalmap Absolute X

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Globalmap Champion VIII

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Globalmap Middle VI

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Company statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Team statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Skirmishes statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Stronghold defense statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

World of Tanks Profile

Anzeigen

Tanks (80)

Tank Name	Tier	Ø Damage	Ø XP	Battles	Victories	WN8
T78	6	868,60	560	1096	51,64%	1332,25
T-54 first prototype	8	734,44	505	452	45,58%	761,49
StuG III Ausf. B	4	507,28	345	353	50,42%	1357,03
Rheinmetall Skorpion	8	1307,15	616	323	51,08%	1346,60
Rhm.-Borsig Waffenträger	8	1154,65	534	322	48,45%	1074,03
LT-432	8	527,21	449	319	46,71%	756,34
FV215b (183)	10	1602,39	617	279	47,31%	1041,22
Jagdpanther	7	763,80	466	273	45,79%	888,76
Type 64	6	428,00	424	269	46,10%	925,66
Waffenträger auf Pz. IV	9	1421,13	535	244	48,77%	1084,90
Krupp-Steyr Waffenträger	7	754,80	525	220	54,55%	1018,25
Škoda T 40	6	724,39	467	198	51,52%	1308,64
Jagdpanzer IV	6	711,55	441	190	42,11%	1202,78
Ferdinand	8	891,10	469	189	46,56%	737,68
Nashorn	6	677,75	388	163	46,01%	979,36
T-44	8	776,48	475	160	46,25%	943,07
T-34-85	6	689,97	507	154	50,65%	1344,41
T67	5	536,79	347	151	47,68%	1078,63
StuG III Ausf. G	5	565,05	357	150	49,33%	1191,99
FV4005 Stage II	10	1290,07	576	148	46,62%	811,52
AMX 13 57	7	548,36	575	143	48,95%	913,77
SMV CC-64 Vipera	8	1047,05	589	142	47,89%	947,14
M48A2 Räumpanzer	8	725,42	500	136	50,74%	679,53
Sturer Emil	7	615,30	360	103	43,69%	623,59
SU-100I	5	678,88	423	97	48,45%	1086,78
Object 274a	8	943,76	566	91	41,76%	946,38
M4A3E8 Fury	6	698,89	557	90	50,00%	1411,98
Charioteer	8	1086,06	610	87	49,43%	1115,95
Jagdtiger	9	1310,06	542	85	48,24%	906,16
Grille	5	363,19	291	80	46,25%	600,85
GSOR the TANK	9	1226,57	455	79	35,44%	908,06
Hummel	6	522,12	403	69	44,93%	603,53
56TP	8	672,04	496	68	51,47%	542,18
FV4004 Conway	9	1224,51	620	63	50,79%	1005,08
Kanonenjagdpanzer 105	8	901,07	429	61	31,15%	662,21
T-43	7	561,51	401	61	44,26%	686,84
Strv K	9	914,76	449	58	34,48%	532,65
ELC EVEN 90	8	518,07	562	55	47,27%	791,67
SMV CC-67	8	1055,61	491	54	40,74%	965,99
Lorraine 40 t	8	1120,25	596	52	46,15%	1168,85
Matilda	4	457,88	411	49	65,31%	1378,60
Pz.Kpfw. S35 739 (f)	3	473,15	596	46	50,00%	1294,88
Tiger 131	6	726,27	507	44	47,73%	1044,54
Challenger	7	1139,10	595	42	45,24%	1553,66
KV-2 (R)	6	859,20	533	40	52,50%	1242,42
G.W. Panther	7	710,18	559	38	44,74%	667,55
TS-54	8	881,41	540	34	55,88%	880,67
Grille 15	10	1434,53	628	30	50,00%	858,95
VK 30.01 (D)	6	813,83	545	29	51,72%	1715,82
Windhund	8	1108,62	398	26	15,38%	879,48
Matilda IV	5	386,17	426	23	43,48%	732,13
Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. E	3	369,23	328	22	36,36%	1136,70
SMV CC-56	7	735,57	494	21	47,62%	828,66
Matilda Black Prince	5	445,42	494	19	42,11%	1000,56
Fantôme	9	1299,60	533	15	46,67%	991,87
Jagdpanzer 38(t) Hetzer	4	262,93	227	14	57,14%	604,89
Achilles	6	982,00	491	14	42,86%	1760,68
Char de transition	6	736,50	602	12	58,33%	1199,67
AMX ELC 901	6	165,55	380	11	45,45%	186,43
Maus	10	1570,13	741	8	62,50%	1112,57
M3 Stuart	3	177,86	139	7	28,57%	459,65
T40	4	415,86	213	7	28,57%	844,59
M4A1 Sherman	5	406,50	537	6	83,33%	1132,42
M24E2 Super Chaffee	6	485,67	415	6	50,00%	1349,81
Churchill I	5	588,20	548	5	60,00%	1251,63
112	8	1048,80	550	5	60,00%	1314,30
T3E2 Medium Tank	3	97,75	271	4	50,00%	201,79
M24 Chaffee No. 594	5	354,25	328	4	25,00%	723,83
FCM 2C	3	436,50	454	4	25,00%	1097,54
Marder II	3	863,00	617	3	66,67%	3808,42
VK 100.01 (P)	8	1359,33	552	3	33,33%	1286,69
CS-52 LIS	8	207,67	383	3	33,33%	0,00
Marder 38T	4	866,50	649	2	50,00%	3335,63
Mäuschen	9	1811,50	610	2	50,00%	1642,85
Straussler V–4/40	3	285,00	204	2	0,00%	709,76
Valentine II	4	119,00	611	1	100,00%	375,70
A7E3	3	403,00	377	1	100,00%	1328,90
Object 703 Version II	8	0,00	293	1	0,00%	0,00
Valentine	3	111,00	84	1	0,00%	119,40
TS-5	8	1023,00	381	1	0,00%	774,07

Graphs

WN8

Anzeigen

Clan history

[VLT7] Victoria LT

Position: Recruit

Joined: 2026-01-23

WAI2KASZZZ

Overall Stats

Globalmap Absolute X

Globalmap Champion VIII

Globalmap Middle VI

Company statistics

Team statistics

Skirmishes statistics

Stronghold defense statistics

Share

Tanks (80)

Graphs

WN8

Clan history