retro_mike

Position: Executive officer

Joined: 2016-01-15

Stats
GM X
GM VIII
GM VI
Company statistics
Team statistics
Skirmishes statistics
Stronghold statistics
Share
Other

Overall Stats

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	14792		0		0		0
Ø Tier	3,44		0,00		0,00		0,00
Victories	8177	55,28%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	6405	43,30%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	210	1,42%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	4763	32,20%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	17845	1,21	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	1,78		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	22330	1,51	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	388,58		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	20110	1,36	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	16037	1,08	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	313,98		0,00		0,00		0,00
WN7	1075,78		0,00		0,00		0,00
WN8	1283,58		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	14792
Ø Tier	3,44
Victories	8177	55,28%
Defeats	6405	43,30%
Draws	210	1,42%
Battles survived	4763	32,20%
Tanks destroyed	17845	1,21
Destruction ratio	1,78
Tanks spotted	22330	1,51
Damage dealt	388,58
Capture points	20110	1,36
Defense points	16037	1,08
Experience	313,98
WN7	1075,78
WN8	1283,58

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Ø Tier	0,00
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00
WN7	0,00
WN8	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Ø Tier	0,00
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00
WN7	0,00
WN8	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Ø Tier	0,00
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00
WN7	0,00
WN8	0,00

Created at:

Last battle:

Last update:

Globalmap Absolute X

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Globalmap Champion VIII

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Globalmap Middle VI

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Company statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	22		0		0		0
Victories	13	59,09%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	8	36,36%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	1	4,55%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	8	36,36%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	24	1,09	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	1,71		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	37	1,68	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	346,09		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	9	0,41	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	277,86		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	22
Victories	13	59,09%
Defeats	8	36,36%
Draws	1	4,55%
Battles survived	8	36,36%
Tanks destroyed	24	1,09
Destruction ratio	1,71
Tanks spotted	37	1,68
Damage dealt	346,09
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	9	0,41
Experience	277,86

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Team statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	2		0		0		0
Victories	1	50,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	1	50,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	275,50		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	120,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	2
Victories	1	50,00%
Defeats	1	50,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	275,50
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	120,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Skirmishes statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Stronghold defense statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

World of Tanks Profile

Anzeigen

Tanks (76)

Tank Name	Tier	Ø Damage	Ø XP	Battles	Victories	WN8
Pz.Kpfw. 35 (t)	2	325,92	388	1053	61,06%	2590,83
T3 HMC	2	324,89	304	936	58,65%	1865,57
T1 Cunningham	1	238,92	367	901	60,16%	1944,74
Ferdinand	8	1290,80	452	762	47,51%	1398,30
Pz.Kpfw. 38 (t)	3	366,85	357	720	60,97%	1816,16
Leichttraktor	1	216,33	284	697	56,96%	1310,03
T2 Light Tank	2	159,06	263	614	53,91%	722,57
Marder II	3	393,56	309	569	57,82%	1598,16
T7 Combat Car	2	171,22	274	547	60,33%	1000,91
Cruiser Mk. IV	4	369,21	382	513	62,38%	1516,66
Jagdpanther	7	642,40	285	481	46,57%	720,45
FCM 36 Pak 40	3	340,89	296	446	55,83%	1025,41
Jagdpanzer 38(t) Hetzer	4	326,72	259	400	54,25%	849,21
KV-1	5	598,28	399	327	54,13%	1423,67
Light Mk. VIC	2	177,88	254	315	54,92%	1069,01
BT-2	2	290,08	331	310	57,42%	2024,87
T-28	4	441,77	332	306	56,54%	1805,17
T-26	2	271,25	267	297	55,56%	1713,18
G.W. Panther	7	1025,64	351	295	48,81%	1307,45
T-34	5	453,64	323	287	55,05%	1350,36
Jagdpanzer IV	6	392,15	237	263	48,29%	528,62
Hummel	6	684,18	267	243	49,38%	982,79
Pz.Kpfw. II	2	223,13	267	216	48,61%	1049,51
T1E6	2	158,03	239	213	57,28%	830,09
Pz.Kpfw. II Luchs	4	210,20	279	200	55,50%	755,40
IS	7	776,75	419	197	51,27%	1001,21
Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. E	3	211,90	255	184	52,72%	658,97
Grille	5	445,15	232	174	48,28%	901,68
Pz.Kpfw. I Ausf. C	3	198,77	320	173	55,49%	1065,32
T-34-85	6	654,48	414	163	52,76%	1337,73
VK 16.02 Leopard	5	168,05	248	154	52,60%	423,45
T-46	3	206,88	228	130	51,54%	913,42
StuG III Ausf. G	5	395,91	222	122	45,90%	740,53
Marder 38T	4	452,36	340	111	64,86%	1435,84
Sexton I	3	163,11	151	109	41,28%	321,89
Pz.Kpfw. III/IV	5	196,89	185	106	46,23%	316,50
Covenanter	5	279,62	289	94	52,13%	969,86
T-60	2	172,82	234	92	58,70%	845,28
Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. J	4	162,14	229	91	50,55%	280,40
KV-85	6	494,24	310	74	48,65%	678,80
Crusader	6	296,98	255	66	50,00%	769,75
LTP	3	287,02	282	64	53,13%	1505,82
Matilda Black Prince	5	368,31	251	62	40,32%	714,13
Sturmpanzer II	4	352,78	226	58	51,72%	1219,84
M24 Chaffee	5	258,25	339	57	56,14%	872,13
Vickers Medium Mk. I	1	191,20	254	51	49,02%	1232,01
Pz.Kpfw. II Ausf. D	2	121,78	231	50	46,00%	432,62
MS-1	1	117,52	168	48	50,00%	514,29
M5 Stuart	4	174,90	288	42	52,38%	392,52
Pz.Kpfw. T 25	5	264,15	376	34	58,82%	601,29
Sturmpanzer I Bison	3	151,50	116	32	37,50%	301,57
Pz.Kpfw. 38H 735 (f)	2	448,74	404	31	61,29%	1866,63
Renault Otsu	1	164,85	282	27	62,96%	873,63
Pz.Kpfw. 38 (t) n.A.	4	142,21	178	24	41,67%	233,80
Type 97 Te-Ke	2	183,91	239	23	56,52%	972,63
Type 95 Ha-Go	2	145,04	176	23	47,83%	520,43
A-20	5	181,52	269	21	57,14%	563,19
T-70	3	183,65	262	20	70,00%	788,85
T56 GMC	3	417,47	279	19	63,16%	1736,49
Valentine II	4	195,94	219	18	50,00%	520,43
T2 Medium Tank	2	314,88	364	17	64,71%	2331,86
43 M. Toldi III	3	157,64	212	14	57,14%	748,34
Birch Gun	4	285,36	218	14	57,14%	1026,77
Kolohousenka	1	169,08	184	13	46,15%	759,10
Hotchkiss H35	2	209,25	277	12	58,33%	1103,43
BT-7 artillery	3	136,67	180	12	58,33%	454,96
Pz.Kpfw. S35 739 (f)	3	133,67	191	9	66,67%	295,76
VK 30.02 (M)	6	195,75	233	8	50,00%	185,31
Panzerjäger I	2	140,63	188	8	62,50%	536,23
M2 Light	2	144,00	218	7	42,86%	440,11
Renault NC-31	1	199,33	236	6	50,00%	1195,39
Pvlvv fm/42	2	58,25	133	4	50,00%	146,62
LT vz. 35	2	298,00	340	4	75,00%	1818,03
Renault FT	1	70,00	94	3	33,33%	140,35
Strv fm/21	1	123,00	171	3	33,33%	433,83
Wespe	3	70,00	123	3	33,33%	0,00

Graphs

WN8

Anzeigen

Clan history

[DNTS] Don't need ts

Position: Executive officer

Joined: 2016-01-15

[DNTS] Don't need ts

Position: Executive officer

Joined: 2016-01-15

Left: 2024-12-24

[GAZI-] Gazi

Position: Private

Joined: 2014-09-15

retro_mike

Overall Stats

Globalmap Absolute X

Globalmap Champion VIII

Globalmap Middle VI

Company statistics

Team statistics

Skirmishes statistics

Stronghold defense statistics

Share

Tanks (76)

Graphs

WN8

Clan history