samoyanga

Position: Recruit

Joined: 2024-01-11

Stats
GM X
GM VIII
GM VI
Company statistics
Team statistics
Skirmishes statistics
Stronghold statistics
Share
Other

Overall Stats

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	2174		0		0		0
Ø Tier	7,52		0,00		0,00		0,00
Victories	985	45,31%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	1160	53,36%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	29	1,33%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	598	27,51%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	1335	0,61	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,85		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	1563	0,72	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	925,46		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	1020	0,47	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	805	0,37	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	577,94		0,00		0,00		0,00
WN7	777,79		0,00		0,00		0,00
WN8	973,67		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	2174
Ø Tier	7,52
Victories	985	45,31%
Defeats	1160	53,36%
Draws	29	1,33%
Battles survived	598	27,51%
Tanks destroyed	1335	0,61
Destruction ratio	0,85
Tanks spotted	1563	0,72
Damage dealt	925,46
Capture points	1020	0,47
Defense points	805	0,37
Experience	577,94
WN7	777,79
WN8	973,67

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Ø Tier	0,00
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00
WN7	0,00
WN8	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Ø Tier	0,00
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00
WN7	0,00
WN8	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Ø Tier	0,00
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00
WN7	0,00
WN8	0,00

Created at:

Last battle:

Last update:

Globalmap Absolute X

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Globalmap Champion VIII

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Globalmap Middle VI

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Company statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Team statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Skirmishes statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	2		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	2	100,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	2	1,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	554,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	63,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	2
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	2	100,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	2	1,00
Damage dealt	554,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	63,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Stronghold defense statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

World of Tanks Profile

Anzeigen

Tanks (79)

Tank Name	Tier	Ø Damage	Ø XP	Battles	Victories	WN8
E 75	9	1085,72	619	159	38,99%	735,80
G.W. Tiger (P)	8	924,64	505	145	38,62%	865,83
TNH T Vz. 51	9	1127,85	652	88	38,64%	720,79
M48A5 Patton	10	1553,65	777	79	53,16%	1145,58
Bat.-Châtillon 25 t	10	1539,29	677	78	42,31%	1158,95
E 100	10	1450,57	645	70	41,43%	812,38
Bat.-Châtillon 12 t	8	625,31	631	67	52,24%	1127,49
Tiger II	8	823,18	611	65	40,00%	675,55
TNH 105/1000	8	892,03	572	63	36,51%	845,57
Ares 75	8	1036,10	641	60	40,00%	1116,68
SU-130PM	8	1111,86	635	51	49,02%	955,18
Jagdpanzer IV	6	609,04	454	51	45,10%	942,02
G.W. Panther	7	767,52	549	48	41,67%	763,64
AMX 12 t	6	420,96	472	45	57,78%	1190,15
Bat.-Châtillon 25 t AP	9	1084,09	640	43	44,19%	933,17
Ares 85	9	1541,83	717	42	38,10%	1172,20
StuG III Ausf. B	4	544,73	413	41	56,10%	1406,35
XM69 Hacker	11	1653,27	760	41	43,90%	909,73
StuG III Ausf. G	5	515,45	371	38	31,58%	965,02
Škoda T 24	5	419,43	357	35	34,29%	917,15
Vz. 44-1	7	779,21	646	34	50,00%	821,86
T20	7	1039,88	805	33	66,67%	1551,47
Tiger I	7	707,84	564	32	46,88%	728,59
VK 36.01 (H)	6	674,43	564	30	43,33%	971,11
Hummel	6	586,50	494	30	56,67%	869,34
Jagdpanther	7	1228,70	664	30	50,00%	1543,02
AMX 13 75	7	521,97	600	29	55,17%	1066,18
T-54	9	1573,00	878	29	55,17%	1712,96
AMX ELC bis	5	323,82	438	28	53,57%	1087,34
Type 95 Ji-Ro	6	678,85	475	27	55,56%	1028,00
Grille	5	538,93	420	27	51,85%	1156,94
Object 430U	10	1629,50	663	26	42,31%	1103,52
Object 140	10	1664,81	775	26	50,00%	1216,58
Tiger-Maus	9	1511,04	797	23	60,87%	1297,90
Vz. 55	10	1347,83	620	23	34,78%	655,14
Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. E	3	250,36	243	22	36,36%	588,65
T-34	5	649,77	486	22	59,09%	2037,80
T-44	8	1200,29	746	21	47,62%	1714,96
T69	8	909,67	688	21	57,14%	1077,00
MT-25	6	590,65	682	20	65,00%	1850,01
Škoda T 25	6	544,25	421	20	25,00%	815,40
LTG	7	499,26	658	19	57,89%	1018,17
Type 3 Ho-Ni III	5	577,89	440	19	57,89%	1279,02
Patton the Tank	9	447,79	463	19	36,84%	129,32
Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. J	4	213,94	280	18	44,44%	376,29
Ferdinand	8	1115,89	683	18	50,00%	1106,63
Chi-To SP	7	1008,82	684	17	58,82%	1149,55
Type 1 Chi-He	4	317,50	329	16	43,75%	805,10
A-20	5	443,93	426	15	33,33%	1576,48
TS-5	8	1516,93	898	14	64,29%	1709,82
AMX 40	4	242,62	273	13	46,15%	770,15
LT vz. 38	3	244,67	212	12	25,00%	714,96
Pz.Kpfw. IV Ausf. H	5	371,50	495	12	75,00%	1006,42
M4A3(76)W Sherman	6	566,75	419	12	16,67%	649,88
Tiger 131	6	677,55	617	11	45,45%	976,47
BT-7	4	446,40	429	10	70,00%	1771,47
ST vz. 39	4	385,80	386	10	50,00%	1166,68
14TP	4	192,78	295	9	55,56%	624,00
SU-122-44	7	855,88	389	8	25,00%	879,46
Type 97 Chi-Ha	3	279,57	315	7	57,14%	867,79
AMX 38	3	67,71	180	7	28,57%	0,00
112	8	514,60	562	5	40,00%	315,27
Fantôme	9	1569,00	553	5	20,00%	1139,73
VK 30.01 (P)	6	211,25	282	4	25,00%	62,17
10TP	3	185,75	307	4	75,00%	752,12
LT vz. 35	2	163,75	216	4	50,00%	671,50
GSOR the TANK	9	876,33	556	3	33,33%	611,62
T-34-85	6	610,33	335	3	33,33%	987,08
Pz.Kpfw. II	2	254,00	382	3	66,67%	1282,91
T2 Light Tank	2	242,00	384	3	33,33%	957,75
ELC EVEN 90	8	593,00	222	2	0,00%	904,92
M3 Stuart	3	236,50	343	2	50,00%	896,65
Kolohousenka	1	48,50	48	2	0,00%	0,00
FCM 36	2	0,00	17	1	0,00%	0,00
Leichttraktor	1	113,00	162	1	100,00%	552,22
Sturmpanzer I Bison	3	129,00	248	1	100,00%	448,00
Kanonenjagdpanzer 105	8	954,00	276	1	0,00%	852,35
CS-52 LIS	8	575,00	413	1	0,00%	305,58
Renault FT	1	208,00	237	1	100,00%	1214,24

Graphs

WN8

Anzeigen

Clan history

[PGIK] Pancerne Gity i Konfidenci

Position: Recruit

Joined: 2024-01-11

[PGIK] Pancerne Gity i Konfidenci

Position: Recruit

Joined: 2024-01-10

Left: 2024-12-24

samoyanga

Overall Stats

Globalmap Absolute X

Globalmap Champion VIII

Globalmap Middle VI

Company statistics

Team statistics

Skirmishes statistics

Stronghold defense statistics

Share

Tanks (79)

Graphs

WN8

Clan history